Only humans are capable of distinguishing colors. It is not by chance that each of us chooses certain colors in our clothing, make-up and even our home, as their impact is different.
How do we perceive colors?
Colors are perceived best through the central part of the retina (called yellow spot). Rods predominate in the peripheral retina (these are neuroepithelial cells responsible for light sensitivity), in this part the eye does not have a good judgment of colors.
It was found that depending on the illumination around, the eye reacts differently to colors.
The Czech anatomist and physiologist Jan Purkiné was one of the most famous scientists of his time. He studied the sensitivity of the eye during the day and at dusk. During the study, he found that during the day the eye is most sensitive to yellow-green light, and at dusk it becomes maximally sensitive to blue-green light. It is extremely important to know that the eye is not sensitive to UV rays.
The sense of color in humans is due to the different sensitivity to parts of the spectrum of different types of receptor cells (cones) in the retina, colors can be defined and measured according to the response of these cells. For practical purposes, however, quantitative criteria are needed for the psychophysical sensation of colors that allow their precise definition and reproduction.
The science that studies colors is called colorimetry, which explains the existence of a system called Munsell. It specifies three color dimensions-known by the terms hue, lightness (brightness), and saturation. Hue is what we perceive to be a real color-purple, blue, red. Lightness indicates how light or dark the color is. Saturation denotes the purity of the color, its intensity and saturation.
How do colours affect us?
Grey
- The Silver color on a car makes it the safest. Cars in this shade are unlikely to be involved in a crash.
- Eugène Delacroix believed that The Grey color kills painting.
The enemy of all painting is grey!
Delacroix created his own doctrine based on the negation of classicism and the affirmation of new principles in painting. With his denial of the colour grey in painting, Delacroix created a revolutionary turning point - he 'brought colour back into painting'.
- The Grey color reduces the body's energy expenditure, overexertion and promotes energy conservation, resulting in a reduced risk of physical fatigue.
White,black
- The sun is white. We think of it as yellow because the earth's atmosphere removes the shorter wavelength light- blue and violet.
- Studies have shown that the color of television programs you watched as a child influences the color of your dreams. Chances are, this could be the reason black and white people's dreams.
- If you take two boxes of the same weight one in black the other one in white, the one in black will seem heavier.
Red
- The Red provokes so-called active emotions and physical excitement. Opposite to them are the passive emotions, which contain equanimity.
- The Red tends to provoke more anxiety than Blue. For example, if you see a blue screen when downloading a file, the time will seem shorter than if you wait on a red screen.
- In 2014, a cross-crop study was conducted, which observed the following patterns: fruit flavour is associated Red.
- If you have an exam related to logic tasks, you should not observe Red color before, as this will affect your productivity.
- The physiological impact of Red color has the character of doping: at first the working capacity sharply rises, but it also abruptly changes with fatigue.
- More than 100 years ago, The Red color was considered male. Symbol of aggression and strength.
Orange
- The Orange color is the warmest color, strongly stimulating all physiological processes in the body such as accelerating blood circulation and increasing muscle strength, increasing work capacity.
- The Orange color in the interior increases tolerance to other people and is able to create a friendly atmosphere in the room.
Yellow
- It has been proven that there is a relationship between music and color choice. Listening to fast music is associated with more saturated and bright, Yellowish Tones.
- The Yellow color should be in moderation, since its oversaturation leads to fatigue, which is the result of exciting tension.
- In Psychology, The Yellow color, means need, development, self-disclosure.
Blue
- Slow music leads to a choice palette of colours in dark and bluish nuances.
- Експерименти доказват, че обличането на децата в стереотипни цветове характерни за двата пола – Pink for a girl, Blue for a boy, can affect the perception of the individual in the future. Thus, the girl accepts her role as a woman (housewife), and the man as the strong sex.
- If you want to increase visits to your site choose a combination of cool colors (Blue– light blue).
- The Blue color lowers blood pressure and slows the heart rate. It is also the most popular colour in the world.
- The Blue color is a symbol of the inner, absorbed, spiritual state.
- The Blue color is capable of causing a physical sensation of dampness and cold. It has a relaxing effect, reducing muscle tension.
Green
- The Green color is a symbol of hidden, potential energy.
- The Green color normalizes arterial and intraocular pressure, pulse rate and respiration are reduced.
Purple
- In antiquity The Purple color was considered noble because obtaining it was an expensive process.
- The Violet color has a beneficial effect on the endurance of the cardiovascular system, but severely impairs physical performance.
- The Violet color awakens intuition and suppresses rational thinking, stimulates the need for spiritual perfection and positively affects mental and creative ability.
Pink
- The Pink color is not part of the visible light spectrum. This is due to the fact that nothing emits pink light or reflects the corresponding wavelength. The brain creates this color in vision as a mixture of red and purple.
- The Pink color is associated with motherhood, tenderness and innocence.
- The Pink colour reduces aggression by inducing calm.
- In Japan The Pink color is associated with the erotic and intimate.
- In Buddhism The Pink color is associated with purity of soul and liberation from the material.
Brown
The smell of stale and musty is rather associated with brown.